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The Drosophila Toll signaling pathway.

TitleThe Drosophila Toll signaling pathway.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2011
AuthorsValanne S, Wang J-H, Rämet M
JournalJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
Volume186
Issue2
Pagination649-56
Date Published2011 Jan 15
ISSN1550-6606
KeywordsAnimals, Body Patterning, Cell Line, Drosophila melanogaster, Drosophila Proteins, Embryo, Nonmammalian, Humans, NF-kappa B, Protein Binding, Signal Transduction, Toll-Like Receptors
Abstract

The identification of the Drosophila melanogaster Toll pathway cascade and the subsequent characterization of TLRs have reshaped our understanding of the immune system. Ever since, Drosophila NF-κB signaling has been actively studied. In flies, the Toll receptors are essential for embryonic development and immunity. In total, nine Toll receptors are encoded in the Drosophila genome, including the Toll pathway receptor Toll. The induction of the Toll pathway by gram-positive bacteria or fungi leads to the activation of cellular immunity as well as the systemic production of certain antimicrobial peptides. The Toll receptor is activated when the proteolytically cleaved ligand Spatzle binds to the receptor, eventually leading to the activation of the NF-κB factors Dorsal-related immunity factor or Dorsal. In this study, we review the current literature on the Toll pathway and compare the Drosophila and mammalian NF-κB pathways.

DOI10.4049/jimmunol.1002302
Alternate JournalJ. Immunol.


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